Mechanical properties: The mechanical properties of a material refer to the mechanics of the material when subjected to various applied loads (tensile, compressive, bending, torsion, impact, alternating stress, etc.) in different environments (temperature, medium, humidity). Characteristics In general, the mechanical properties of metals are classified into ten types: 1. Brittleness Brittleness is a property in which a material does not undergo plastic deformation before it is damaged. It is the opposite of toughness and plasticity. Brittle materials have no yield point, have fracture strength and ultimate strength, and are almost the same. Cast iron, ceramics, concrete and stones are all brittle materials. Compared with many other engineering materials, brittle materials have weaker properties in tension, and brittle materials are usually evaluated by compression tests. 2. Strength: The ability of a metallic material to resist permanent deformation or fracture under static loading. At the same time, it can also be defined as the ratio limit, yield strength, fracture strength, or ultimate strength. There is no exact single parameter that accurately defines this characteristic. Because the behavior of the metal changes with the type of stress and its application form. Intensity is a very common term. 3. Plasticity: The ability of a metallic material to undergo permanent deformation under load without breaking. Plastic deformation occurs when the material is subjected to stress exceeding the elastic limit and the load is removed, at which point the material retains some or all of its deformation. 4 Hardness: The ability of the surface of the metal material to resist penetration by something harder than him. 5. Toughness: The ability of a metal material to withstand impact loads without being destroyed. Toughness means that the metal material is subjected to tensile stress before it breaks. Certain plastic deformation characteristics. Gold, aluminum, and copper are tough materials that can be easily drawn into wires. 6. Fatigue strength: The resistance of material parts and structural parts to fatigue failure 7. Elasticity Elasticity is a characteristic that the metal material can restore the original size when the external force disappears. Steel is elastic before it reaches the elastic limit. 8. Ductility Ductility refers to the property of a material undergoing certain plastic deformation before it breaks under the action of tensile or compressive stress. Plastic materials generally use rolling and forging processes. Steel is both ductile and ductile. 9. Rigidity Rigidity is the property that metal materials are subjected to higher stress without significant strain. The size of the rigidity is evaluated by measuring the elastic modulus E of the material. 10. Yield point or yield stress Yield point or yield stress is the stress level of the metal, measured in MPa. Above the yield point, when the external load is removed, the metal deformation still exists and the metal material undergoes plastic deformation.